What is cyber crime ? How do hackers steal passwords?

Definition

Cybercrime is the use of computers and electronic information systems to commit crimes. These crimes may involve hacking, identity theft, fraud, spamming, phishing, extortion, blackmail, ransomware, crypto-jacking, and DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks. A cyber attack can have many different motivations including political, financial, religious, personal, etc.

 When you hear "cybercriminal" or "programmer," what picture rings a bell? Is it a crude person, maybe wearing a dull hoodie, set up camp in a moist cellar someplace, composing ceaselessly irately? While that picture is in public awareness because of films and TV, the genuine picture of a cybercriminal is vastly different: cybercrime is unbelievably coordinated and professionalized.

Cybercriminal

The professionalization and multiplication of cybercrime amount to incalculable expenses in harm consistently, affecting people, organizations, and even state-run administrations. Specialists gauge that cybercrime harm will reach $6 trillion every year by 2021, making it quite possibly the most rewarding criminal venture.

 Internet-based cybercrime involves computer networks and the internet and includes computer viruses, denial of service attacks, and hacking. When criminals gain access to sensitive data via these methods they can steal money, trade secrets, or any valuable item.

Malware

Malware is meddling programming that is intended to harm and annihilate PCs and PC frameworks. Malware is a constriction for "malevolent programming." Examples of normal malware incorporates infections, worms, Trojan infections, spyware, adware, and ransomware.

Malware (or malicious software) is any program that does harm to a computer. Hackers create malware to help them bypass security measures and break into computers, servers, smartphones, tablets, and smartwatches.

Malware Attack

Infections are really a type of malware, which includes a wide range of pernicious programming: any code or projects composed and dispersed to cause harm, take information, bring in cash for their proprietor, and by and large ruin your day. This incorporates ransomware, which can secure your records until you pay a payment to decode them, and adware, which spams you with advertisements.

Where does cybercrime come from?

Albeit the web is around 30 years of age, specialists think about an 1834 hack as the principal cybercrime ever. Two criminals had the option to penetrate the French Telegraph System and get sufficiently close to monetary business sectors, carrying out information robbery.
Other early cybercrimes, starting in the last part of the 1800s and the first 50% of the twentieth century, saw programmers center around the phone frameworks. Only two years after telephones were designed, teen young men broke into Alexander Graham Bell's phone organization and caused wickedness by misleading calls. Telephone hacking, or phreaking, later became famous during the 1960s to 1980s.

Email

Email scams are a type of scam where criminals send unsolicited emails asking for personal information, money, or items such as gift cards. Criminals often pretend to work for legitimate companies, banks, or government agencies. Examples of email scams include the Nigerian prince, the 419 scams, and the Microsoft virus scam. Not just that, email misrepresentation is the second-costliest cybercrime, as indicated by the FBI. Email misrepresentation envelops phishing endeavors, malware as questionable connections or connections, as well as certain types of advanced blackmail, ransomware, and take advantage of units.

The Dark Web

The profound web alludes to all pieces of the web (destinations, e-shops, discussions, and so forth) that are not available by a standard internet searcher like Google or Bing. A subset of the profound web is the dull web, or dim net, which requires a unique program, like Tor, to get to it. Albeit the dim web isn't itself illicit, the namelessness it bears the cost makes it a hotbed for crime.

Dark Web

On the dull web, cybercriminals can trade the most perilous and loathsome wares our general public brings to the table: malware, drugs, weapons, youngster sexual entertainment, and even agreement killing. The dull web is additionally where data, such as taken passwords or charge card numbers, gets traded. That is the reason assuming you're a casualty of an information break, it can in some cases require a couple of days (or much longer) until somebody buys the taken information and attempts to get to your record.

Is it possible to stop cyber criminals?

Digital criminals and cheats can be exceptionally difficult to catch or quit, making wide answers for cybercrime subtle. For explicit examples of digital extortion, we, by and large, depend on the police, public safety offices, and business network protection firms to battle the miscreants.

For the normal PC client, it's very difficult to go facing a digital criminal. The best methodology is to follow a few normal prescribed procedures. If you can impede cybercriminals from gaining admittance to your gadgets, you'll close them from bringing in cash off of you - which is, all things considered, their essential inspiration. What's more, how might you do that?

How do hackers steal passwords?

1. Social engineering

Social engineering is a type of computer hacking where fraudsters use human interaction techniques to obtain sensitive information. To hack into someone's account, they need a valid username and password combination. If a user uses the same username and password on different websites, then it becomes easier for cybercriminals to break into their accounts. Hackers can intercept login details sent over a network (e.g., email) or trick users into giving them their credentials using social engineering techniques.

2. Brute force attacks

Brute force attack is the most popular method for hacking into online accounts. A hacker tries out different combinations of usernames and passwords until he finds the correct combination. Once he has successfully logged into his target’s account, the hacker gains access to the victim’s personal data. He may steal money, credit cards, and banking information, or even commit identity theft.

3. Man-in-the-middle attacks

This attack involves a third party who pretends to be one of the endpoints in a communication between two other parties. When the third party receives sensitive information, he forwards it to the real sender, thus gaining unauthorized access to the information.

4. Password reuse

When a user registers for a website, the site automatically generates a random password for him. This means that if the user forgets his password, he cannot simply change it. Instead, he would have to go back to the registration page and repeat the entire process of generating a new password. The problem with this strategy is that the user might accidentally give away his old password to a malicious person who has stolen his username and email address. He might not realize that the attacker has already accessed his account.

5. Phishing

In phishing scams, attackers send emails pretending to be from trusted institutions such as banks or retailers. These messages might ask recipients to update their security questions and answers or confirm their mobile numbers. Users might be tricked into providing their private information.

6. Session hijacking

Session hijacking occurs when a hacker takes control of an active session. To do this, he needs to get into the system first. Once inside, he can monitor the activities of the legitimate user. He can also redirect the user to different web pages or take complete control of the browser.

7. DNS spoofing

Spoofing the domain name service (DNS) is the act of manipulating the way computers resolve hostnames to IP addresses. It works by modifying the records stored in the DNS servers. By doing this, a hacker can direct victims to fraudulent sites.